The “Out of Africa” ​​hypothesis is getting worse and worse ● Maybe life already exists on the moon ● Boreal forests are on the move and unstoppable

The “out of Africa” ​​hypothesis is becoming increasingly shaky

The discovery of human remains belonging to the species Homo sapiens, aged 86,000 years, precisely in Laos, ignited the mood in the scientific press with the appearance of a corresponding study in the journal Nature. We will immediately explain why this happened and why you should not be surprised by the find.

First, the discovery described in the study consists of a fragment of a skull and a tibia recovered from the lowest level of sedimentary deposits in Tam Pa Ling Cave in Laos. After it was determined that they belonged to a member of our species, the dating came as a surprise. With the help of the luminescent method (not the most reliable of all), but also with the help of the uranium method (here things are much better), it was concluded that the fossils are 73,000 years old, respectively 86,000 years old.

Second, Tam Pa Ling Cave is very well known in the world of prehistoric people precisely because very old human fossils have also been found in it in the past. So this is not news. So, in 2009, a fragmented skull was removed from there, but with a full set of teeth. Age? 46,000 – 63,000 years. In 2012, another man’s lower jaw was discovered, and in 2013, a fragment of another man’s jaw. They were all the same age as in 2009, suggesting that the community left Africa earlier than previously thought, 50,000 to 60,000 years ago.

The official explanation was that the individuals were traces of a failed attempt to leave Africa. Such an evolutionary end of the line for them. I repeat, precisely in Laos. With the recently described discovery in nature, we clearly see that IF these people left Africa, they did so repeatedly. And in 86,000 years, but also in 63,000. And here it is only about one cave. Consider that prehistoric archeology in these places has also not been done so much that we know everything that is hidden in the caves and places there.

Then what was not said in the study, we will now show you. Tam Pa Ling cave is not an isolated case in Asia. We also found ancient human fossils in Lia Afer Cave in Sumatra. And their age is approximately 63,000 – 73,000 years. Then, in China, because it was actually dug up there, we have human fossils from Fuyan, Maba, Luna, Dadong, Xujiayao, Huanglong, Jiredong, etc. In the Philippines, we have Calao Cave, which has again provided human osteological remains. All this treasure trove of discoveries is from 70,000 to 130,000 years old.

So the finds in Tam Pa Ling are not even the oldest. But this does not diminish their extraordinary importance. They only heighten the common sense question: Are there too many of these lost exits out of Africa and too far from the Black Continent for us not to consider the alternative? I asked, don’t care!

Maybe life already exists on the moon

If yesterday I continued to mention that NASA botched the decontamination protocol for the landing of the first satellite and that we narrowly avoided contamination for many days with potential alien germs, it was different, and vice versa. That is, there is a possibility that the Earth “infected” its natural satellite with the germs of life.

This didn’t necessarily happen during the moon landings, but rather as a result of meteorite bombardments from our solar system’s tumultuous past, when fragments of our planet reached the moon, carrying life at the microbial level with it.

It is true that not all microbial life forms could survive this epic journey. But it is possible, at least in theory, that some did. And what’s more, if they settled where they needed to, they would even have a chance to prosper. Where it should be, that is, in the frozen craters located on the south pole of the Moon.

In fact, these craters are microniches that can ensure the continuity of microbial life. And discovering them or, depending on the circumstances, confirming their absence is one of the goals of the Artemis mission, which NASA will launch in the near future.

As for other human-caused pollution, we must not forget that we have over 50 years of activity in which we have sent men, probes and spacecraft to the moon. There is a high probability that they brought germs there. In summary, life had all the prerequisites for existence on the moon. If it did, we’ll find out in future lunar missions.

Boreal forests are on the move and unstoppable

We don’t know how many of you have seen the boreal forests of the planet, recte taigaua, but just so you know, you might not find them even where you knew. And this is because, from the Siberian taiga to Alaska and northern Canada, the boreal forests have already begun to move north to the climate they are used to.

However, as a result of this, the area occupied by forests has significantly decreased.

This happened both due to deforestation, more and more frequent vegetation fires, and, above all, against the background of climate change. But what remains appears to be migrating north, and at considerable speed. This was reported by a team of specialists from the Netherlands, from Wageningen University, in a study published in Nature Communications.

For 20 years, researchers have watched satellite images show how the boreal biome is changing significantly in the north-south direction. More precisely, new trees grow further north, the forests there become denser, and in the south they thin out to the point of complete disappearance.

This whole process has a tendency to accelerate, Dutch scientists note. Fires (some of which are currently affecting Canadian forests) as well as invasions of harmful insects will increase in the coming years. It goes without saying that boreal forests play an extremely important role in what it means to live on Earth. The fact that they store a huge amount of carbon dioxide and methane in the soil is already known. The fact that it occupies 16% of the Earth’s surface and is the lungs of the planet is again well known.

How all these changes will affect the planet and its natural cycles, no one can say for sure. But it will not be good.

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